Understanding Food
Food is anything that comes from biological sources and water, whether treated or untreated, which is applied as a food or beverage for consumption human being, including food additives, food raw materials and other materials used in the preparation, processing, and or manufacture of food or drink (Law No. 7 th.1996 on Food). And nutrition are substances or compounds contained in food consisting of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals and plants that are beneficial to growth and human health.
For plants, the food itself was synthesized by energisinar solar, micro-organisms requires only a simple energy source. For animals require food which include plants in the form of complex molecules.
Food shortages could lead to a result that is difficult to tolerate, especially in children under five so the food becomes a very important issue and determine the level of health (physical, mental, social).
Food shortages in Indonesia appeared in the form of: (1) Lack of calorie-protein (NOA); (2) Lack of vitamin A; (3) endemic goiter and kretinin, (4) Nutritional anemia (iron deficiency).
Food shortages and malnutrition, particularly in children under five can degrade the quality of its human, so the quality can be very limited human resources.
Government policy initially with B1MAS program, INMAS, Insus, then SUPRA Insus; Improvement of the nutritional value of food consumption through the Program is improvement of people's diet (PMMR) as well as the diversification of nutritious food.
After the Law No. 7 th.1996 on Food, food launched by the Government on food security programs that have meaning: A food fulfillment of conditions for households which is reflected in the availability of adequate food, both in quantity and quality, safe, equitable and affordable.
Calorie Requirement For Humans
Nutritional food is a substance or compound found in foods consisting of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals as well as derivatives that are beneficial to growth and human health.
Food needs for humans, is actually very difficult to determine and depends on the selection of materials and the number of kondisinya.Tingkat efficiency in the body is dependent composition, digestive system, body size, type of work, age is also the level of human health.
In Indonesia today set food security as a program that aims to: (1) Ensuring the availability of food and nutrients in the required quantity and quality; (2) The prices are affordable for every family; (3) Having regard to the income of farmers, ranchers and fishermen.
The human need for food menu depends among other things on the age, for example: (1) Toddlers need a high quality menu with a sufficient quantity; (2) Human age requires effective quality menu with enough quantity according to her work; (3) Elderly needs a customized menu condition.
Vision food security program: (1) The availability of adequate food, equitable, secure, and affordable; (2) Optimization of domestic resources through intensification, extension, diversification, and rehabilitation; (3) Food Processing (agro-industry) in order to increase revenue; (4) The food distribution system; (5) Diversity of food; (6) standard of living increases.
BIMAS program, INMAS, Insus, and the last Insus SUPRA SUPRA Insus + CORPORATE FARMING has succeeded in realizing self-sufficiency in rice in 1984 but has fluctuated until today.
The causes of these fluctuations, among others: (1) Climate; (2) Plant Pest Organisms (OPT); (3) natural disasters; (4) The monetary crisis; (5) the decline of productive land; (6) The application of cultivation techniques are not environment-friendly; (7) Often the lack keperpihakan on farmers.
Common problems encountered include: (1) The population is still increasing; (2) There is no conversion of productive land in Java; (3) shifting consumption from rice to non-rice; (4) The demands of greater quality and quantity; (5) Damage to the biological balance; (6) The more the narrowing of forest areas, especially in Java.
